搜索 - 科创网

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内容：世界的知识是浩瀚的，宇宙的奥秘是无穷的——写在前面0 简介2019年8月下旬，为参加我创的晶体比赛，我现学了一波长晶体的手艺，开始尝试生长氯化钠晶体。,为了使晶体更美观，我在他的一面上生长了一团四氯合铜酸钠-硫酸钠混合物“大饼”。,2 四氯合铜酸钠-硫酸钠混合物的制备这一混合物是我们当时作为感温变色化合物制备的，其制备方法如下：取氯化钠和五水硫酸铜各5g，加入少量水混合研磨，直至混合物完全变为绿色之后停止研磨，煤气灶加热至水分蒸干,反应方程式如下：4NaCl+CuSO4==Na2[CuCl4]+Na2SO4这一反应可逆，且生成四氯合铜酸钠的正向反应焓变大于零，所以温度越高四氯合铜酸钠浓度越高，颜色越偏黄色，温度越低颜色越偏蓝。,4 用四氯合铜酸钠-硫酸钠混合物装饰氯化钠晶体把制备出的混合物取出少量，滴上一两滴水，让混合物粉末正好被完全打湿，然后将打湿的混合物取一坨放在晶体后面，待其干燥就完成了，在这一过程中，由于我操作不慎，意外的给整个晶体染上了绿色

内容：本来准备参加第三届晶体大赛，做了两个准备，一个是这个氯化钠，后来长成这个样子这个没法参赛了，还配了一杯柠檬酸螯合铜（II）酸钠溶液，然后成了大饼😂不过这个氯化钠晶簇还挺好看的，发过来给大家看看用挂线法养氯化钠是希望得到正六面体单晶,，结果，小晶体直接在晶种表面生长，就成了这个样子，不过很好看，可惜没法参赛最后附一张柠檬酸螯合铜（II）酸钠溶液的图片溶液比较浓，蓝的发黑ps:晶化吧有人出过针状晶体

内容：实验安全第一叠氮化钠的制备实验提醒：叠氮化钠剧毒，制备过程中水合肼剧毒，所以实验员要有充足的防护准备如防化服，防毒面具，以及制备过程中要通风实验试剂：亚硝酸钠，氢氧化钠，硫酸联氨，叔丁醇，无水乙醇，磷酸或硫酸无害化处理试剂,：次氯酸钠或酸性高锰酸钾方法一：制备亚硝酸叔丁酯（我们这边叔丁醇便宜可以用异丙醇代替）将200g磷酸（75浓度）和95ml叔丁醇混合然后冷冻到零度以下，然后加入提前冷冻到亚硝酸钠，溶液并且剧烈搅拌后可以见到溶液分层,，然后将溶液用分液漏斗分离，并且用水洗两遍（有条件可以再蒸馏一下）2制备水合肼的乙醇溶液将硫酸联氨20g，和15ml无水乙醇混合，混合后用冰水冷冻，然后加入氢氧化钠6g （如果先加入氢氧化钠则会剧烈放热导致失控,，这就是叠氮化钠，然后过滤产物，若发现产物发黄则是亚硝酸酯过量，用无水乙醇洗涤两次即可方法二：将制备出来的水合肼乙醇溶液中加入氢氧化钠然后通入亚硝酸乙酯气体（制备方法同上但亚硝酸乙酯沸点低）可见有沉淀产生此为叠氮化钠,（操作难但纯度高）我一个朋友选择用这个方法制备将制备出来的叠氮化钠加入到水中配置成饱和溶液然后加入无水乙醇析出叠氮化钠晶体，然后用无水乙醇洗两遍制备出来的叠氮化钠用即可得到纯品以上为重结晶两次的叠氮化钠由于叠氮化钠毒性极大所以产生的废水和与叠氮化钠接触过的仪器用次氯酸钠溶液处理

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