引用第7楼jun66于2012-07-20 08:56发表的 :
有时农民也是无奈啊，不烧掉那该怎么处理呢？政府不应该只是在那里堵住，而是疏导啊，不烧掉就不能继续耕种了，那些说弄出田来那也是需要大量人力啊，农村本来就缺少劳动力，哪有精力弄这些没有任何效益的东西呢，乡下人永远都是给国家添堵，自己蹲墙角去了。
美国人为什么不烧？日本人为什么不烧？人家就不种东西吗？为什么就我们要烧？难道就是我们中国人命贱活该？
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【英译中】中国的麦秆焚烧 Wheat fires in China
译自XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX/XXXXXXXp?id=78256
![China_tmo_2012165[1].jpg]()
Credit:
Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer
Terra
China 'Buried Smog Death finding'
A High-Resolution Emission Inventory of Crop Burning in Fields in China Based on MODIS Thermal Anomalies/Fire Products.
Li, H. (2010).
Agricultural Fire Impacts on the Air Quality of Shanghai During Summer Harvesttime. Aerosols and Air Quality Research.
Zhang, H (2008).
![China_tmo_2012165[1].jpg](https://img.kechuang.org:81/r/141431?c=resource)
Credit:
NASA image courtesy Jeff Schmaltz,
LANCE MODIS Rapid Response. Caption by Adam Voiland.
In mid-June, agricultural fires and industrial pollution combined to leave a thick pall of haze over central China. The
(MODIS) on NASA’s
satellite captured these true-color (top) and false-color (bottom) images of the fires and haze. Both images were acquired at 10:55 a.m. local time (02:55 UTC) on June 13, 2012.
六月中旬，农耕用火和工业污染共同将整个华中地区笼罩在一片厚厚的烟雾中。美国航天局的Terra卫星上的MODIS图像传感器拍到了这些火和烟（包括上面的真实色彩和后面的伪色彩图像）。这些照片都是在UTC 2012年6月13日2:55（中国本地时间上午10:55）获得的。
Smoke and actively burning fires (shown with red outlines) are visible in the true-color image, as well as a large burn scar. The false-color image reveals details of the burn scar that aren’t readily apparent in the true-color view. Although the burn scar looks uniform, the false-color view indicates that numerous fields with unburned vegetation (shown as green) are scattered throughout the area. The cities of Bozhou, Huaibei, and Suzhou, which appear as gray patches, were the closest cities to actively-burning fires when Terra acquired the images.
烟和正在燃烧的火（红色轮廓显示），包括一大片已过火区域，可以在真实色彩图像中看到。伪色彩图像比真实色彩图像能更好地反应过火区域的细节。虽然整个过火区域看上去都差不多，但是伪色彩图像让我们看到几块包含未燃烧的植物的区域（绿色部分）散布在过火区域内。在Terra获取这些图像的时候，亳州、淮北和苏州（图中灰色区块）是离这些正在燃烧的火焰最近的城市。
This area falls within the North China Plain, a fertile and densely-populated region that’s home to about a quarter of China's cultivated land and 35 percent of the country's agricultural yields. The area’s staple crops are wheat and maize, and the two crops are generally grown in rotation. Farmers sow winter wheat in mid-October and harvest it at the end of May. In June, farmers burn the remaining plant residue to fertilize the soil for the upcoming maize crop. About 75 percent of all fires in the North China Plain occur in June. A second peak in fire activity occurs in October after the maize harvest.
这个区域属于华北平原。肥沃而又污染严重的华北平原拥有全国大约四分之一的耕地和35%的农业产出。主要粮食作物是小麦和玉米，并且这两种作物基本上是轮作的。农民十月中旬播种冬小麦，第二年五月底收割。而到了六月份，为了接着种玉米，农民又把麦茬麦秆烧掉给土地增肥。华北平原所有火灾的四分之三都是在六月份发生的，而另一个高峰则是在十月份玉米收割之后。
Smoke from agricultural burning contains a number of substances that pose a hazard to human health, notably
black carbon and
organic carbon. Fires also emit
carbon monoxide and
nitrogen oxides (NOx), volatile precursor gases that react to form
ground-level ozone. The World Bank estimated in 2007 that about 350,000 to 400,000 people die prematurely each year in China because of outdoor air pollution.
田间焚烧产生的烟气中含有很多对人体有害的成分，主要是炭黑和各种有机化合物。同时燃烧还释放一氧化碳和氮氧化物，它们反应在地面产生臭氧。据世界银行2007年估计，中国每年有35到40万人因为室外空气污染而死亡。
Since the 1990s, the number of agricultural fires in the country has decreased because the government began enacting a series of regulations aimed at prohibiting field burning. However, the practice remains common.
从1990年开始，由于政府颁布了一系列禁燃农业垃圾的法律法规，焚烧麦秆的现象有所改善。然而，直到今天，烧麦杆还是相当流行的。
References/引用
BBC. (2007, July 3).
. Accessed June 13, 2012.
Huang, X. (2012, Jan. 5)
Atmospheric Environment.
novakon
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