87631
%7B%22isLastPage%22%3Atrue%2C%22notes%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22pid%22%3A%22902928%22%2C%22tid%22%3A%2287631%22%2C%22mainForumsId%22%3A%5B%22366%22%5D%2C%22categoriesId%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22tcId%22%3A%5B%5D%7D
%7B%22isEditMode%22%3Afalse%7D
基于ARDUINO使用卡尔曼滤波解算MPU6050
vanguard_Marx
关键词
固体火箭C++卡尔曼arduino
/*
+------------------------------+
| Solid rocket DIP控制程序 |
| 语言:Arduino C++ |
| 2022-04-04-V1.0 |
| Copy right:Vanguard_Marx |
| QQ:1533363319 |
| 开源协议：GPL |
+------------------------------+
*/
#include "Wire.h"
#include "I2Cdev.h"
#include "MPU6050.h"
MPU6050 accelgyro;
unsigned long now, lastTime = 0;
float dt; //微分时间
int16_t ax, ay, az, gx, gy, gz; //加速度计陀螺仪原始数据
float aax=0, aay=0,aaz=0, agx=0, agy=0, agz=0; //角度变量
long axo = 0, ayo = 0, azo = 0; //加速度计偏移量
long gxo = 0, gyo = 0, gzo = 0; //陀螺仪偏移量
float pi = 3.1415926;
float AcceRatio = 16384.0; //加速度计比例系数
float GyroRatio = 131.0; //陀螺仪比例系数
uint8_t n_sample = 8; //加速度计滤波算法采样个数
float aaxs[8] = {0}, aays[8] = {0}, aazs[8] = {0}; //x,y轴采样队列
long aax_sum, aay_sum,aaz_sum; //x,y轴采样和
float a_x[10]={0}, a_y[10]={0},a_z[10]={0} ,g_x[10]={0} ,g_y[10]={0},g_z[10]={0}; //加速度计协方差计算队列
float Px=1, Rx, Kx, Sx, Vx, Qx; //x轴卡尔曼变量
float Py=1, Ry, Ky, Sy, Vy, Qy; //y轴卡尔曼变量
float Pz=1, Rz, Kz, Sz, Vz, Qz; //z轴卡尔曼变量
const int MPU = 0x68; // MPU6050 I2C address
float AccX, AccY, AccZ;
float GyroX, GyroY, GyroZ;
float accAngleX, accAngleY, gyroAngleX, gyroAngleY, gyroAngleZ;
float roll, pitch, yaw;
float AccErrorX, AccErrorY, GyroErrorX, GyroErrorY, GyroErrorZ;
float elapsedTime, currentTime, previousTime;
int c = 0;
void setup()
{
Serial.begin(19200);
Wire.begin(); // Initialize comunication
Wire.beginTransmission(MPU); // Start communication with MPU6050 // MPU=0x68
Wire.write(0x6B); // Talk to the register 6B
Wire.write(0x00); // Make reset - place a 0 into the 6B register
Wire.endTransmission(true); //end the transmission
accelgyro.initialize(); //初始化
unsigned short times = 200; //采样次数
for(int i=0;i<times;i++)
{
accelgyro.getMotion6(&ax, &ay, &az, &gx, &gy, &gz); //读取六轴原始数值
axo += ax; ayo += ay; azo += az; //采样和
gxo += gx; gyo += gy; gzo += gz;
}
axo /= times; ayo /= times; azo /= times; //计算加速度计偏移
gxo /= times; gyo /= times; gzo /= times; //计算陀螺仪偏移
}
void loop()
{
unsigned long now = millis(); //当前时间(ms)
dt = (now - lastTime) / 1000.0; //微分时间(s)
lastTime = now; //上一次采样时间(ms)
accelgyro.getMotion6(&ax, &ay, &az, &gx, &gy, &gz); //读取六轴原始数值
float accx = ax / AcceRatio; //x轴加速度
float accy = ay / AcceRatio; //y轴加速度
float accz = az / AcceRatio; //z轴加速度
aax = atan(accy / accz) * (-180) / pi; //y轴对于z轴的夹角
aay = atan(accx / accz) * 180 / pi; //x轴对于z轴的夹角
aaz = atan(accz / accy) * 180 / pi; //z轴对于y轴的夹角
aax_sum = 0; // 对于加速度计原始数据的滑动加权滤波算法
aay_sum = 0;
aaz_sum = 0;
for(int i=1;i<n_sample;i++)
{
aaxs[i-1] = aaxs[i];
aax_sum += aaxs[i] * i;
aays[i-1] = aays[i];
aay_sum += aays[i] * i;
aazs[i-1] = aazs[i];
aaz_sum += aazs[i] * i;
}
aaxs[n_sample-1] = aax;
aax_sum += aax * n_sample;
aax = (aax_sum / (11*n_sample/2.0)) * 9 / 7.0; //角度调幅至0-90°
aays[n_sample-1] = aay; //此处应用实验法取得合适的系数
aay_sum += aay * n_sample; //本例系数为9/7
aay = (aay_sum / (11*n_sample/2.0)) * 9 / 7.0;
aazs[n_sample-1] = aaz;
aaz_sum += aaz * n_sample;
aaz = (aaz_sum / (11*n_sample/2.0)) * 9 / 7.0;
float gyrox = - (gx-gxo) / GyroRatio * dt; //x轴角速度
float gyroy = - (gy-gyo) / GyroRatio * dt; //y轴角速度
float gyroz = - (gz-gzo) / GyroRatio * dt; //z轴角速度
agx += gyrox; //x轴角速度积分
agy += gyroy; //x轴角速度积分
agz += gyroz;
/* kalman start */
Sx = 0; Rx = 0;
Sy = 0; Ry = 0;
Sz = 0; Rz = 0;
for(int i=1;i<10;i++)
{ //测量值平均值运算
a_x[i-1] = a_x[i]; //即加速度平均值
Sx += a_x[i];
a_y[i-1] = a_y[i];
Sy += a_y[i];
a_z[i-1] = a_z[i];
Sz += a_z[i];
}
a_x[9] = aax;
Sx += aax;
Sx /= 10; //x轴加速度平均值
a_y[9] = aay;
Sy += aay;
Sy /= 10; //y轴加速度平均值
a_z[9] = aaz;
Sz += aaz;
Sz /= 10;
for(int i=0;i<10;i++)
{
Rx += sq(a_x[i] - Sx);
Ry += sq(a_y[i] - Sy);
Rz += sq(a_z[i] - Sz);
}
Rx = Rx / 9; //得到方差
Ry = Ry / 9;
Rz = Rz / 9;
Px = Px + 0.0025; // 0.0025在下面有说明...
Kx = Px / (Px + Rx); //计算卡尔曼增益
agx = agx + Kx * (aax - agx); //陀螺仪角度与加速度计速度叠加
Px = (1 - Kx) * Px; //更新p值
Py = Py + 0.0025;
Ky = Py / (Py + Ry);
agy = agy + Ky * (aay - agy);
Py = (1 - Ky) * Py;
Pz = Pz + 0.0025;
Kz = Pz / (Pz + Rz);
agz = agz + Kz * (aaz - agz);
Pz = (1 - Kz) * Pz;
// === Read acceleromter data 加速度计=== //
Wire.beginTransmission(MPU);
Wire.write(0x3B); // Start with register 0x3B (ACCEL_XOUT_H)
Wire.endTransmission(false);
Wire.requestFrom(MPU, 6, true); // Read 6 registers total, each axis value is stored in 2 registers
//For a range of +-2g, we need to divide the raw values by 16384, according to the datasheet
AccX = (Wire.read() << 8 | Wire.read()) / 16384.0; // X-axis value
AccY = (Wire.read() << 8 | Wire.read()) / 16384.0; // Y-axis value
AccZ = (Wire.read() << 8 | Wire.read()) / 16384.0; // Z-axis value
accAngleX = (atan(AccY / sqrt(pow(AccX, 2) + pow(AccZ, 2))) * 180 / PI) - 0.58; // AccErrorX ~(0.58) See the calculate_IMU_error()custom function for more details
accAngleY = (atan(-1 * AccX / sqrt(pow(AccY, 2) + pow(AccZ, 2))) * 180 / PI) + 1.58; // AccErrorY ~(-1.58)
// === Read gyroscope data陀螺仪 === //
previousTime = currentTime;
currentTime = millis();
elapsedTime = (currentTime - previousTime) / 1000;
Wire.beginTransmission(MPU);
Wire.write(0x43);
Wire.endTransmission(false);
Wire.requestFrom(MPU, 6, true);
GyroX = (Wire.read() << 8 | Wire.read()) / 131.0;
GyroY = (Wire.read() << 8 | Wire.read()) / 131.0;
GyroZ = (Wire.read() << 8 | Wire.read()) / 131.0;
GyroX = GyroX; // GyroErrorX ~(-0.56)
GyroY = GyroY; // GyroErrorY ~(2)
GyroZ = GyroZ - 0.775; // GyroErrorZ ~ (-0.8)//调参
gyroAngleX = gyroAngleX + GyroX * elapsedTime; // deg/s * s = deg
gyroAngleY = gyroAngleY + GyroY * elapsedTime;
yaw = yaw + GyroZ * elapsedTime;
//gyro-陀螺仪 角速度
Serial.print(agx);Serial.print(",");
Serial.print(agy);Serial.print(",");
Serial.println(yaw);
delay (20);
}
